Our minds work in a duality. We have the higher cognitive drive that allows us to be logical, and then we have our more emotional sides. Through-out history, for far longer then we've had civilization, we've had to rely on our more primitive side to survive. IE, a wild animal jumps at us and we must fight it to survive. Those who didn't have that impulsive adrenaline were eliminated and there genes weren't passed on, while those that did react quickly (with less thought before acting) were able to pass there genes on. This is known as natural selection.
With that little bit of background, one could understand a little better why we have anger and sometimes are prone to acting without thinking. In our modern day society these old primal instincts can be counter productive to living in a civilized society. Yet they can remain strong, and when our emotions take over a cognitive psychologist would refer to this as an emotional over ride (bypasses our higher cognitive drive), which results in us acting on survival instincts. It is a momentary loss of control, however, and so effectively the most important thing to remember is to remove yourself from the situation and not to react out of impulse when your emotional over ride is occurring.
Once you've removed yourself from the immediate situation, you can calm down, gain some perspective when you're less emotionally involved and come to a better decision on how to react to the stimuli that caused your anger or similar instinctive response to begin with. Breath some deep long breaths, which has been shown to help you relax.
Another consideration is that your brain actually works on different frequencies. The higher frequencies tend to get you more excited, and listening to music with lower frequencies has been shown to actually lower your brain's frequency to a more relaxed level. Perhaps you should try relaxation music and exercises, even meditation, through out the day, if your have frequent episodes of unnecessary instinctive responses.
Generally, the only time adrenaline is really needed is to activate your fight or flight response in order to preserve yourself against something that may present a physical threat to your life. This isn't very common in modern day society, and so the hard wired response tends to lead to impulsive behavior along with the accumulation of stress chemicals in your body. You get primed to do something physical and this prevents you from being able to mentally figure out the best course of action.
Now for long term help, you need to alter your perceptions. Your perceptions lead to your thoughts which lead to your behaviors and other reactions, including but not limited to your anger and other instinctive and stress reactions. Discover your triggers, and work on them. Determine which you can change, ones you can't and should be aware of, and how to work best work around them with your new found insight. Most situations and people are for the most part harmless, and there own flawed perceptions and defense mechanisms tend to lead to our own flawed perceptions and defense mechanisms. When we start interacting with other people on an emotional level things quickly get out of hand. Communication is essential, along with having a clear understanding of why they're doing what they're doing, and what they are truly trying to say. This works for rational people when they are being rational. Most people have there ups and downs, and humans need to be understood as being quite  emotional in nature.
For other people, it can be better to just avoid them when possible. Some people are just toxic and stir up negative emotions because they have an inability to control there own. With work you should be able to have some insight over yourself, your environment, and be able to control it all enough to make it better and easier to control your own anger and impulsive instinctive behavior.
If you still need more help, a medication known as an alpha blocker helps to block your adrenaline and could possibly help you to have more control. It also helps with anxiety. An example of an alpha blocker is Clonidine. Of course these tend to be prescriptions, so you'd have to see a professional and consult with them for help if you reach that point.
Hope this helps you. We all have issues with impulsive instinctive behavior, and as you now know it's been hardwired into us as a survival instinct increasingly so since we first existed up until a relatively recent period of time. Understand that you nor anyone else will ever be perfect. We can, however, work on improving ourselves and our personal conditions. Understanding ourselves and each other can lead to a much better existence. A little each day, and a ways down the road we will see and experience all our improvement.